Role of the Nocturnal Low-level Jet in the Formation of the Morning Precipitation Peak over the Dabie Mountains     

Peiling FU  Kefeng ZHU  Kun ZHAO  Bowen ZHOU  Ming XUE 《大气科学进展》2019,36(1):15-28

The diurnal variation of precipitation over the Dabie Mountains(DBM) in eastern China during the 2013 mei-yu season is investigated with forecasts of a regional convection-permitting model. Simulated precipitation is verified against surface rain-gauge observations. The observed morning precipitation peak on the windward(relative to the prevailing synoptic-scale wind) side of the DBM is reproduced with good spatial and temporal accuracy. The interaction between the DBM and a nocturnal boundary layer low-level jet(BLJ) due to the inertial oscillation mechanism is shown to be responsible for this precipitation peak. The BLJ is aligned with the lower-level southwesterly synoptic-scale flow that carries abundant moisture.The BLJ core is established at around 0200 LST upwind of the mountains. It moves towards the DBM and reaches maximum intensity at about 70 km ahead of the mountains. When the BLJ impinges upon the windward side of the DBM in the early morning, mechanical lifting of moist air leads to condensation and subsequent precipitation.  相似文献   

我国中东部平原地区临界气温条件下降水相态判别分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈双  谌芸  何立富  郭云谦 《气象》2019,45(8):1037-1051

基于2001—2013年地面观测和探空资料,对地面气温位于0～2℃(以下称临界气温)我国降雪的时空分布及其与降雨的垂直热力特征进行了研究,引入了决策树判别方法对上述条件下雪和雨进行了判别分析,结果表明:临界气温下降雪出现频率总体高于降雨、雨夹雪出现频率,且在我国华北南部至江南北部的中东部地区分布较多,年均可达7.69～15.38站次;临界气温下,降水相态为雨或雪对应的平均温度廓线最大差异位于650 hPa附近,且地面气温较低时,平均温度差异更明显,平均湿度廓线差异则主要位于低层,且在地面气温较高时,平均湿度差异更明显;临界气温下,降水相态为雨时,地面上空存在暖层样本占比,较降水相态为雪时更高,且降雨时暖层主要位于中层,降雪时暖层则主要位于低层,降雨时其暖层强度显著大于降雪时暖层强度;在临界气温下雨雪判别分析中,地面气温能显著提升判别准确率,湿球温度能在一定程度上提升判别准确率,基于云顶温度、中层融化参数、低层湿球温度构建的决策树判别模型,判别准确率达到91.86%,能较好地解决临界气温下雨和雪的判别问题。  相似文献   

2018年常州一次罕见持续性雾-霾天气分析     

雷正翠  郑媛媛  刘银峰  孙康远  刘端阳  何涛  吴晶璐  周文君 《气象》2019,45(8):1123-1134

利用常规气象观测资料、探空资料、污染物浓度及AQI资料、NCEP再分析资料等,对2018年11月24日至12月3日夜间常州持续11 d的强浓雾和严重霾天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：（1）此次雾-霾过程持续时间长、范围广、强度大、污染重。（2）中纬度地区高层持续纬向环流控制、中低层暖脊稳定存在,地面持续受均压场或弱倒槽顶部、弱冷锋前部影响,是这次持续性雾-霾过程的重要天气条件。（3）边界层内弱辐散、负涡度及弱的下沉气流是此次雾-霾天气得以长时间维持、发展的动力因子。近地层长时间水汽饱和且维持小风速利于雾-霾的长时间维持。（4）近地面高强度的贴地逆温长时间维持和持续较低的混合层高度是此次雾-霾形成、发展和长时间维持的重要热力条件。雾比霾的平均混合层高度明显偏低且霾等级越高混合层高度越低,混合层高度的变化先于能见度变化,对雾-霾临近预警有较好的指导作用。（5）弱冷空气渗透、风速适当增加、混合层高度的先期快速下降、负净辐射曝辐量绝对值的明显增大是雾爆发性增强的主要原因。  相似文献   

基于模糊数学法与算术平均法评价东北地区深层地热有利区     

裴发根  杜炳锐  张小博  何大双  梁宏达 《地质论评》2023,69(Z1):539-540

  相似文献   

小尺度断裂沿层曲率敏感性研究     

胡建波 《地质与勘探》2023,59(4):891-900

沿层曲率作为地震属性的一种,不仅有数学几何意义更有着重要的地质意义。和相干体相比,沿层曲率在油气勘探中常被用于刻画地质构造形态及断裂精细解释,特别是在小尺度断裂发育的地区更为有效。而在实际工作中,有时利用沿层曲率所描述的断裂效果不太明显。为进一步明确对于刻画断裂结果的影响因素及其适用条件,以鄂尔多斯盆地Q区Tj9为研究对象,基于Geoeast软件对该区小尺度断裂系统从选取属性、方位角、频带三个方面展开分析。结果表明：（1）曲率比相干体更适用于刻画较小尺度的断层;（2）平面上从平行断裂的方位观测,断裂识别不清晰;从垂直断裂的方位观测,易于识别;（3）在反射层同相轴较强时,中高频段对断裂识别更清楚;在反射层同相轴较弱时,中频段对断裂识别更清楚。因此可以根据不同属性、不同方位角、不同频带对断裂的敏感程度,用不同的数据体解释小尺度断裂,提高对断层刻画的精度,为复杂油气勘探寻找有利区奠定基础。  相似文献   

无砟轨道聚氨酯碎石防水联结层单元模型试验研究     

谢康  苏谦  陈晓斌  刘宝  王武斌  王迅  邓志兴 《岩土力学》2023,(8):2308-2317

基于无砟轨道基床表层水力损伤病害产生机制,提出一种在基床表层上设置聚氨酯碎石防水联结层的水力损伤控制措施。通过建立级配碎石组(J-0)、透水型聚氨酯碎石组(J-5)及致密型聚氨酯碎石组(J-10)3组试验模型,研究聚氨酯碎石防水联结层的静动力特性、疲劳特性与防水特性。结果表明：静力加卸载作用下,J-10残余应变为2.6×10–6,最大位移约为1.0 mm,与下部基床表层级配碎石层变形适应性良好,耗能效果明显,在列车动力荷载水平作用下,可减小基床表层动变形与动应力幅值,增大动应力扩散范围;在长期动力循环荷载作用下,J-0与J-5在注水后结构层动力响应显著增大,而J-10动力响应在加载次数1～2万次后基本保持稳定;试验过程中J-10能够有效防止水分进入基床表层级配碎石层,而J-0与J-5水分不断下渗,引起级配碎石细颗粒损失。研究成果对整治多雨地区无砟轨道基床表层水力损伤病害具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

利用FY-3C折射率对大气边界层高度的反演与分析     

朱洲宗  徐晓华  罗佳 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2021,(3)

2013年中国发射了首颗进行全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)掩星观测的气象卫星风云3号C星(Fengyun-3C,FY-3C),且已发布自2014年6月以来的FY-3C掩星大气产品,但目前还未见将其应用于大气边界层的相关研究。首次尝试利用FY-3C折射率产品确定边界层高度并进一步进行空间分布分析。结果表明,在小波协方差变换法基础上,进行尖锐度约束,能够确定FY-3C掩星低层大气折射率廓线中可能存在的突变,反演边界层高度。所得到的2015―2018年各年边界层高度全球分布在不同纬度及海洋和陆地上的差异基本体现了边界层与地表气候及地形的关系,但FY-3C折射率产品在低层大气的精度和垂直分辨率相对较低。因此,反演成功率总体上较低,反演结果对边界层高度空间分布细节特征的呈现仍有待提升。  相似文献   

基于剪切波速的深层砂土地震液化研究     

王薇  李恒  徐利军 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(1):93-97

阐述了剪切波速法判别饱和砂土液化的原理，结合武汉地区某工程实例，对场地内埋深超越“规范法”适用范围的砂层进行液化判别，确定场地的临界液化深度。通过与室内动三轴试验的对比得出，2种方法的液化判别结果及确定的临界液化深度均吻合较好，验证了以剪切波速为指标的液化评估方法的可行性。  相似文献   

Ensemble modelling of ice cover for a reservoir affected by pumped‐storage operation and climate change     

Ulrike Gabriele Kobler  Martin Schmid 《水文研究》2019,33(20):2676-2690

Ensemble modelling was used to assess the robustness of projected impacts of pumped‐storage (PS) operation and climate change on reservoir ice cover. To this end, three one‐dimensional and a two‐dimensional laterally averaged hydrodynamic model were set up. For the latter, the strength of the impacts with increasing distance from the dam was also investigated. Climate change effects were simulated by forcing the models with 150 years of synthetic meteorological time series created with a weather generator based on available air temperature scenarios for Switzerland. Future climate by the end of the 21^st century was projected to shorten the ice‐covered period by ~2 months and decrease ice thicknesses by ~13 cm. Under current climate conditions, the ice cover would already be affected by extended PS operation. For example, the average probability of ice coverage on a specific day was projected to decrease by ~13% for current climate and could further be reduced from ~45% to ~10% for future climate. Overall, the results of all models were consistent. Although the number of winters without ice cover was projected to increase for all one‐dimensional models, studying individual segments of the two‐dimensional model showed that the impact was pronounced for segments close to the PS intake/outlet. In summary, the reservoir's ice cover is expected to partially vanish with higher probability of open water conditions closer to the PS intake/outlet.  相似文献   

Analysis of Paleoseismic Events of Dahuzhuang Trench at the Xiadian Fault     

DENG Mei  SHEN Jun  LI Xi  DAI Xunye  LIU Zezhong  LI Kechang  JIAO Xuankai 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):437-450

The Xiadian Fault is a very important concealed active fault in the Beijing Plain. It is the seismogenic fault of the Sanhe-Pinggu M_S8.0 earthquake in 1679. The ancient earthquake sequence in the long historical period is of great significance to understand accurately the activity characteristics of the fault and effectively reduce the earthquake disaster risk in Beijing. We have re-interpreted the Dahuzhuang trench, and identified three layers of buried paleosol, six collapsed wedges and one sand liquefaction event. Further, through the comparison with the landmark strata and paleo-earthquake events revealed by other trenches on the fault, an ancient earthquake sequence with a long historical period of the Xiadian Fault was established:since the 31ka, the Xiadian Fault has 11 occurrences of earthquake events (including the 1679 earthquake), and the average recurrence interval is about 2.8ka. The paleo-seismic sequence also shows that there is an ancient earthquake cluster period from 25ka to 15ka, and there are 5 strong earthquakes in the cluster period. The average recurrence interval is about 2.0ka, which reflects the phase difference of the Xiadian Fault activity.  相似文献